Models of women’s reproductive behaviour in the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakstan: comparative analysis

Abstract

The demographic development of China and Belarus faces significant challenges, including negative population growth, declining fertility, and aging populations. In China, the transition to a new demographic reality is complicated by skewed sex ratios, cultural attitudes, and the effects of the one-child policy. Economic factors, urbanisation, and changes in family structure influence reproductive behaviour, with many women choosing education and careers over having children. Understanding of these dynamics is important for addressing demographic challenges and promoting sustainable development in Belarus, China, and Kazakhstan.