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Title: План Маршалла во внешней политике США
Other Titles: The Marshall Plan in the U.S. Foreign Policy (Alexand Plashchinsky)
Authors: Плащинский, Александр Алексеевич
Keywords: ЭБ БГУ::ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ::Политика и политические науки
Issue Date: 2001
Publisher: Международное общественное объединение по изучению ООН и информационно-образовательным программам
Citation: Белорусский журнал международного права и международных отношений. — 2001. — № 1
Abstract: The article analyses some aspects of the realization of the European Recovery Programme (ERP) after World War II, which represents a certain period of the U.S. foreign policy and a kind of "monument of the Cold War epoch". The processes of globalization and the increasing influence of economic factors on the modern system of international relations prove the topicality of the issue and of the article itself. The author considers that economic diplomacy will be an integral part of the world policy in the foreseeable future, therefore it is very important to study its origins in order to comprehend fully the above-mentioned trends. Moreover, the Marshall Plan is a clear example of economic diplomacy and its mechanism is being successfully implemented in other economic aid programmes at present. The article also deals with the role and influence of economic factors on the U.S. foreign policy strategy, particularly, on the problem of using the economic levers for the implementing of this strategy. The motives of the U.S. expansion after the end of World War II are also examined. The author focuses on the aims of the Marshall Plan and the major reasons which brought this action into being. The situation on the world arena and the balance of powers in the early post-war years are touched upon with the purpose of explaining the objective factors which created the "crucial moment throughout history for American leadership". The close connection between the Truman doctrine and the Marshall Plan are revealed and it is pointed out that these actions laid a basis for the U.S. foreign strategy in the early post-war years and determined its character, being "the two sides of the coin of the American open-door policy". It is emphasized that the Marshall Plan was a successful strategic step of the United States and the possibility of its implementation was correctly and in due time evaluated by American foreign policy-makers. The author comes to the conclusion, that after World War II the necessary pre-conditions were created for realizing by the United States the "Pax-Americana" concept, taking into consideration the decline of traditional powers (such as Britain, France, Germany in Western Europe and the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe) and the fact that the U.S. itself became the leading power on the world arena by the end of the war. In this respect, the Marshall Plan became a landmark in the realization of this concept as well as the embodiment of the policy of Truman administration. It is noticed that ERP is the integral part of the U.S. strategy for the world leadership. The article sheds light on the connection between the Marshall Plan — "the containment of the communism on the economic level", and the creation of NATO — aimed to resolve this problem on the military and political one. It shaped the major political and military events of the late 40-s and early 50-s. The consequences and influence of the Marshall Plan on the following development of international relations and the reasons it is considered to be "the defining moment of the Cold War" are also examined in this article.
Description: Раздел - "Международные отношения"
URI: http://elib.bsu.by/handle/123456789/29293
Appears in Collections:Белорусский журнал международного права и международных отношений. — 2001. — № 1

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