Environmental risks and evaluation of by-products of olive oil production

Abstract

Olive production has been carried out in Turkey for many years. Olive is an important product in Turkey in terms of both production amount and economic value. Olives and olive oil obtained from olives have been important nutrients for humans for centuries. In olive production, which has a very important place in the country’s economy, in addition to main products such as olive oil and table olives and olive oil, solid and liquid by-products such as “Pirina” and “Blackwater” are formed in olive oil factories. Against pomace, which can be evaluated economically, black water is left indiscriminately to the environment. Most of the wastes that occur on average as 200 billion tons each year are either left to nature as garbage or used as fuel, animal feed or fertilizer with a little processing. Environmental pollution that appears with increasing industrialization and population, and the economic consumption used to eliminate pollution cause wastes to become a biomass problem. Olive black water contains sugars, organic acids, polyalcohols, pectins, colloids, tannins and lipids. Valuable products can be produced by biotechnological conversion from solid and liquid wastes from the olive oil industry