Распространение макротрещин в породных массивах

Abstract

The most of modem theories of fracture are based on the consideration of progress of one macrocrack under various kinds of external loading. These theories usually don’t consider macrocracks origin ways. The body is assumed to have macrodefects in beginning. These theories can be used for solution tasks about fracture of geomaterials, because geomaterials have enough microdefects, which even under low stress can leader to appear of macrocrack. But it should be noted, some peculiarities of application of these theories for geomaterials. For example, during finding of conditions and character of crack increase it should be took into consideration inhomogeneous of geomaterials, relative scales both body and crack, possible ways of loading and as result special type of fracture conditions. It should be separated types of geomaterials in depend on their properties and stages of macrocracks increase. The solution of these problems and approximate analysis one of macrocracks origin ways briefly has be stated in this paper.