Эффект корпорации во внешнеэкономической политике Беларуси

Abstract

The article analyses the reasons and trends of decline in Belarusian foreign economic policy efficiency in 1999 and in the beginning of 2000. The most important factor determining the specific nature of the country's economic policy is the leading role of the state in the system of means of production ownership and actual monopolistic realization of foreign economic policy by the state. Thus, Belarus acts as a single corporation towards other subjects of the world market. Such role of the state in the international economic activities benefits national economy during the short-term period only and leads to negative consequences in the long run: the corporation effect takes place. The short-term positive corporation effect was expressed in overcoming the production slump and in the Belarus GDP growth in 1996—1998. This effect was not used for restructuring and real reforms in national economy. 1999 saw the emerging long-term negative corporation effect that led to export/import reduction, living standards decline and the unprofitability of many enterprises. An important means of raising the international economic policy efficiency is liberalisation of international economic activities and limiting the state interference into economy. However, the main factors of the solution of this problem lie within Belarusian domestic economy and include: the establishment of conditions for perfect competition at the domestic market, introduction of an effective state programme of small entrepreneurship development, including the agricultural sphere, national economy restructuring on the basis of share privatization of state property, activization of domestic capital and attraction of foreign investments, etc. In case no crucial changes in the economic policy occur, the efficiency of international activities on the whole will continue to decline.