Investigation of thermodynamic properties of organic substances

Abstract

Scientific and ptactical significance of the investigations in the field of thermodynamics of organic compounds is discussed. The apparatuses and methods used in LTOC (the Laboratory of Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University) for experimental determination of thermodynamic properties of substances are described. They are adiabatic calorimetry and DSC of the heat bridge type for the measurements of heat capacities and enthalpies of phase transitions in the con-densed state, heat flow differential microcalorimeter of the Calvet type to obtain en-thalpies of evaporation, calorimeters for combustion of organic substances for determination of the enthalpies of combustion and formation, the apparatus for measurements of saturated vapor pressure by the integral effusion Knudsen method. The main results of studies of chemical and phase equilibria,thermodynam-ics of isomerization, improvements of additive methods for calculation of thermo-dynamic properties, investigations of plastic crystals of organic compounds and ionic liquids, calculations by the methods of statistical thermodynamics are re-ported. The information concerning development of the methods of calculation of chemical exergies in LTOC and thermodynamic substantiation of energy and resource saving technologies of organic production of Republic of Belarus is given