Праблема рэгіянальнай стабільнасці ў Цэнтральнай і Усходняй Еўропе ў канцы XX ст.

Abstract

As a result of dismantling of the Socialist bloc structures in the early 90s of the X X century there emerged n ew states, with uncertain political and power orientation and the foreign policy which is difficult to predict. Subsequent state and territorial transformations in the Central and Eastern European region have not provided geopolitical stability and in fact have become the beginning at a still greater transformation. This, in its turn, was fraught with danger to the maintenance of stability in the region. History is a witness to the lack of stability being an inherent feature of Europe. The main reasons for that persist unchanged: they are the difficulty to find a place for the united Germany in the common structure of Europe and the difficulty to fit into the international order those n ew states which emerged as a result of the former empires disintegration and to settle finally the issue of their borders. By virtue of the secircum stances the main sites of European stability still remain on the geopolitical axis extended from the western to the eastern end of the region, which involves primarily the bilateral and multilateral relations between Germany, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and Russia and also the European and Euroatlantic influence on these relations. The northern and southern vectors, are not regarded as decisive, j u s t like it was in the past with a few exceptions. The nature of the geopolitical stance of every state mentioned affected the security of the whole region. The behaviour of the main agents of the regional process determined the resumption of some of the traditional confrontation stereotypes. A n ew demarcation line began to be delineated, which threatens to divide both the region and the whole continent. The NATO expansion to the east merely exacerbated this process. It turned out that the hegemonist ideas have been completely abandoned neither in Germany, nor in Russia. At the same time awareness is growing in the general public opinion in the region that it is necessary to use the opportunity provided b y history to build the relations of mutual trust here. Implementing this will play the role of stabilizer in this region of Europe.