Особенности пенсионного обеспечения в ФРГ

Abstract

Pension system in FRG was reformed several times (1957, 1992, 1996, 2001). At present the state pension system includes two types of insurance: compulsory and voluntary. The state system of compulsory insurance envisages 10 types of pensions. Voluntary pension insurance is used to fill in the deficiency of general length of service; to retain the right to disablement or incapacity pensions and to rehabilitation services in case of the deficiency of general length of service, pension increase, etc. The lack of financial resources in the system of state pension insurance has led to introduction of the system of private pension insurance with the state support. The Law on the state support of private pension insurance was adopted in 2001. It envisages the state financial support towards the future additional pension of employees. Limitations on the length of insurance acquired outside the EU borders have been introduced. The 1960 Law onpension guarantees for foreign citizens has undergone substantial alterations. The principle of pension rights equality of immigrants and native Germans has been substituted by the principle of provision at the living wage rate. The law on pension insurance envisages a range of privileges for the families with children with the aim to improve the demographic situation.