https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277518 Mon, 20 Apr 2026 12:06:22 GMT 2026-04-20T12:06:22Z https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/320062 Заглавие документа: Journal of the Belarusian State University. International Relations. – 2021. – No. 2 Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/320062 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277642 Заглавие документа: Personal immunity of state officials and application of unilateral coercive measures Авторы: Moroz, N. O. Аннотация: Unilateral coercive measures (UCMs) can be imposed against different types of officials including those who hold highran king offices. At the same time in accordance with international law heads of state, heads of government and mi nisters of foreign affairs enjoy absolute immunity from criminal and civil foreign jurisdiction. Therefore, it’s unclear whether UCMs, adopting against such foreign state officials, are in conformity with international legal norms on immunity. Thus, the article attempts to reveal the scope of immunity ratione personae in the context of the application of UCMs. It specifies theoretical aspects of the topic (defines the scope of personal immunity of state officials, the essence and legality of UCMs under international law), addresses specific problems arising out from the application of UCMs against high-ranking officials. Moreover, the paper identifies the interplay between international legal norms on immunity and norms regarding UCMs and on this basis reveals the types of such measures and the circumstances under which they can be considered as legal. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277642 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277639 Заглавие документа: Unilateral coercive measures: notion and qualification Авторы: Douhan, A. F. Аннотация: The present article addresses the issue of terminology used to identify unilateral means of pressure: unilateral coercive measures, sanctions, unilateral sanctions, bilateral sanctions, international sanctions, autonomous sanctions, sectoral or territorial sanctions, etc. It assesses the legality of various forms of sanctions imposed by states and international organisations without or beyond the authorisation of the UN Security Council, inter alia, as concerns general international law, international economic law, the law of international responsibility, human rights law and international humanitarian law. The article also focuses on extraterritoriality and overcompliance as integral elements of the application of unilateral sanctions and on characteristics of unilateral coercive measures and presents a definition of the latter. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277639 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277635 Заглавие документа: Pastoralists and farmers conflict: rights or greediness Авторы: Aluko, O. I. Аннотация: Pastoralists are basically migrants who do not have a permanent abode but migrates from one graze land to the other. The migration may be across international borders. Farmers on the other hand have a quasi-permanent abode. However the farmland crops are so precious to the farmers while getting grasses including crops on the farmland just for the cattle to survive is the priority of the pastoralists. This conflict of interests between the pastoralists and the farmers is a major crisis goalpost in West Africa among other violence such as ethno-religious violence. The focus of this paper is to examine the extent of damages caused due to claims of right or greediness by the pastoralists and the farmers in the society. The relative deprivation theoretical framework is used to examine the question of the place of mutual respect, peaceful co-existence and good neighbourliness. The paper concludes on the premise of respecting boundaries between the graze and the farmland and the use of modern husbandry ranching instead of a nebulous nomadic system. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.bsu.by:443/handle/123456789/277635 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z